According to a study published in the latest issue of Nature, Penn State researchers have developed a breakthrough technology that reduces the charging time of electric vehicle batteries to just 10 minutes, which is the result of shorter charging times and more A record-breaking combination between long driving miles.
The need for smaller, faster-charging batteries is greater than ever, the researchers say. In August, the California Air Resources Board passed a plan to restrict and eventually ban the sale of gasoline-powered vehicles in the state.
The new fast-charging technology works with most energy-intensive batteries, opening up the possibility of shrinking EV batteries from 150 kWh to 50 kWh without making drivers anxious about range. Smaller, faster-charging batteries will greatly reduce battery costs and the use of key raw materials such as cobalt, graphite, and lithium, paving the way for the mass adoption of electric vehicles.
The research team developed the technology in partnership with start-up company EC Power. The technology relies on internal thermal modulation, an active method of temperature control that requires optimal battery performance. Batteries operate most efficiently when they are hot, but not too hot. They designed a new battery structure that added ultrathin nickel foil as a fourth component in addition to the anode, electrolyte, and cathode. The nickel foil self-regulates the temperature and reactivity of the battery, enabling a 10-minute fast charge on almost any EV battery.
The researchers say that true fast-charging batteries will have an immediate impact, and fast charging will be critical for electric vehicles if they are to replace internal-combustion vehicles in the mainstream.
Indeed, the range and charging of electric vehicles at this stage are obstacles to their further adoption. But factors such as increased EV sales, rapid development of EV charging infrastructure, government policies and subsidies, and rising fossil fuel prices will drive the overall development of charging technology.
According to the "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)" issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, it is estimated that by 2030, the number of new energy vehicles in my country will reach 64.2 million. According to the construction goal of 1:1 vehicle-to-pile ratio, in the next ten years, there will be a gap of 63 million in the construction of charging piles in my country, and it is expected to form a charging pile infrastructure construction market of 1.02 trillion yuan.
On September 27, the "Guangzhou City's Three-Year Action Plan to Accelerate the Construction of Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure (2022-2024)" clearly stated that in 2024, Guangzhou should basically build a "fast, slow, orderly charging" charging system. One of the key tasks of the battery swap service system and the "Super Charge Capital" is to build about 1,000 super fast charging stations. Previously, based on the "14th Five-Year Plan for the Innovation and Development of Intelligent and New Energy Vehicles in Guangzhou", partners such as Guangzhou Chengtou, Guangzhou Traffic Investment, China Southern Power Grid, and GAC Aian successfully held the "World's First Supercharged Capital (Guangzhou)". ) and the completion of the Aian Super Charging and Swap Center” activity, showing a lot of ambition.
Under the huge market, it will also promote the expansion of demand for charging cables and the advancement of technology. According to data from Markets and Markets, an international market research organization, the global electric vehicle charging cable market demand will reach US$2.453 billion by 2027, with a compound annual growth rate of 29.8% during the period.
As an important carrier for connecting charging piles and electric vehicles, charging cables need to withstand the test of high current transmission pressure and outdoor climate for a long time. In order to ensure the stability and safety of the charging cable, the selection of cable materials is very strict.
In recent years, domestic cable companies have been deeply cultivating and precipitation in this field, and they have followed step by step. For example, Wanma Polymer successfully broke through the technical bottleneck of the research and development and application of silane cross-linked ethylene-propylene rubber. The charging cable has obtained the first liquid-cooled charging pile cable product certification issued by TÜV Rheinland in China, and Jiangsu Yuanfang Cable Factory has also received the utility model of "liquid-cooled high-current charging cable for new energy energy storage" issued by the State Intellectual Property Office. patent certificate.
Of course, in addition to innovative charging-related technologies, there are still many difficulties to be overcome in the future electric transformation battlefield. On the one hand, the number of existing and planned public charging infrastructures is far from enough to meet the demand, let alone adapt to the huge electric vehicle market size in the future; on the other hand, the management of power distribution in urban power grids is also a problem. By 2030, digital grid technology and smart charging will be key for EVs to transform from grid integration challenges to grid management opportunities.
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